今年1月20日是大寒，是二十四节气的最后一个，是天气寒冷到极点的意思，故谓大寒。过了大寒又立春，即迎来新一年的节气轮回。
January 20th is “Major Cold”，this is the last Solar Term of the 24 Solar Terms. Major Cold means the weather is extremely cold. After this Solar Term, a new cycle of 24 Solar Terms will start over with “Spring Begins”.
大寒是一年中寒气最盛的时间，防寒与固护阳气是重中之重。“小寒大寒，无风也寒”。此时气候寒冷干燥，温差变化大，有不少人会因此出现感冒、咳嗽等呼吸系统疾病，诱发慢性肺病（慢阻肺、哮喘）复发。因此，这个时期中医养生当以温阳祛寒、健体强身为重点。
Major Cold is the coldest time of the year, preventing cold and protecting yang is the top priority. “Small cold and big cold, no wind is also cold”. During this Solar Term, the climate is cold and dry, and the temperature difference varies greatly. Many people will suffer from respiratory diseases such as colds and coughs, which will induce the recurrence of chronic lung diseases (asthma). Therefore, during this period, traditional Chinese medicine practitioner suggest that the focus should be on warming the yang, dispelling the cold, and strengthening the body.
适宜吃什么 Major Cold Diet:
大寒应以调补气血、强肝壮肾补阳为主。宜用的药食同源，宜适当选用锁阳、肉苁蓉、枸杞、肉桂、大枣等。日常饮食可选择麻雀肉、猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、鸡肉、虾、山药、鹌鹑、圆白菜、胡萝卜、核桃、芝麻、牛奶等。
Major Cold diet should focus on regulating qi and blood, strengthening liver and kidney and nourishing yang. Choice of food for daily diet can be pork, beef, mutton, chicken, shrimp, yam, quail, cabbage, carrots, walnut, sesame, milk, etc.
禁忌吃什么 Food to avoid:
大寒时节，不宜食用性味过于寒凉的中药材，如金银花、菊花、槐花、薄荷、石斛等。不可过食生冷、寒凉之品，如鸭蛋、鸭血、田螺、螃蟹、香蕉、柿子、柚子、西瓜、梨、苦瓜、冬瓜、荸荠、绿豆、海带、绿茶等。
During Major Cold, it is not advisable to consume cold nature Chinese herbal medicines, such as honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, locust flower, mint, dendrobium, etc. Do not overeat raw or cold foods, such as duck eggs, duck blood, snails, crabs, bananas, persimmons, grapefruit, watermelon, pears, bitter gourd, winter gourd, water chestnuts, mung beans, kelp, green tea, etc.
药食同源的日常膳食方案 Daily dietary plan for the same source of medicine and food:
当归羊肉汤 Chinese Angelica Mutton Soup
当归20克，生姜30克，羊肉500克，炖煮1-2两小时，加盐调味即可。有补气养血，温中暖肾作用。
20 grams of Chinese Angelica, 30 grams of ginger, and 500 grams of mutton. Stew for 1-2 hours, and season with salt. This soup has the effect of nourishing qi, nourishing blood, and warming the kidney.
山药老母鸡汤 Chinese Yam Chicken Soup
老母鸡半只、山药250克、胡萝卜120克，葱姜适量，砂锅小火煲约1.5个小时，加适量盐调味。有健脾开胃，滋补阳气的功效。
Half an old hen, 250 grams of Chinese yam, 120 grams of carrots, appropriate amount of onion and ginger, cook the casserole over low heat for about 1.5 hours, and add an appropriate amount of salt for seasoning. This soup has the effect of invigorating the spleen and appetizing, nourishing yang qi.
香蕉百合银耳汤 Banana Dried Lily White Fungus Soup
15 grams of dried white fungus, 120 grams of fresh lily bulb, 2 bananas, 5 grams of goji berries.
干银耳泡水2小时，拣去老蒂及杂质后撕成小朵，加水4杯入蒸笼蒸半个小时取出备用。百合洗净。香蕉洗净去皮，切为0.3厘米薄片。将所有材料放入炖盅中，加调味料入蒸笼蒸半个小时即可。银耳能增强免疫力，百合养阴润肺，香蕉具有生津通肠之效。
Soak dried white fungus in water for 2 hours, remove the old stems and impurities, tear them into small florets, add 4 cups of water, steam them in a steamer for half an hour, and take them out for later use. Fresh lilies are peeled and washed to remove the old stalks. Wash and peel the bananas and cut them into 0.3 cm slices. Put all the ingredients into the stew pot, add seasonings and steam in the steamer for half an hour. White fungus can enhance immunity, lily nourishes yin and moistens the lungs, and banana has the effect of invigorating the intestines.
上述三款汤最适合气虚、阳虚体质的人食用。阴虚体质的人可在汤中加入木耳、百合等，这样既固护阳气又可补阴液，防止上火；气虚者可加陈皮、玫瑰花同煮，可达理气舒肝的功效；对于过敏体质者，加入适量灵芝，可补气抗敏，提高免疫力。
Above three soups are most suitable for people with qi deficiency and yang deficiency constitution. People with yin deficiency constitution can add fungus, lily, etc. to the soup, which not only strengthens and protects yang qi, but also replenishes yin liquid to prevent easily getting internal body heated. People with qi deficiency an add tangerine peel and rose to cook together, which can achieve the effect of regulating qi and soothing liver. For people with allergies, adding an appropriate amount of reishi (lingzhi) can invigorate qi and resist allergies and improve immunity.
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